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During the journey, the captain of the ship asks Eustace for money compensation for the voyage, but the family has no money to pay the hire. Once they reach the African coast, the captain decides to keep Theopista, with whom he has fallen in love, as compensation. Following Eustace’s protests, the captain orders to throw him and his children overboard and resumes sailing only with Theopista.
The second scene in the second register of the custody depicts the moment of the family’s separation. In the foreground, Eustace and his sons, having reached the shore, are leaning on a rock and desperately stretch their arms forward, with grief-stricken faces. Theopista, in the boat, hints with his hands a composed greeting. Her face is full of melancholy, but she seems to accept God’s will with resignation. An engraved inscription can be seen in the golden sky, the meaning of which is not yet certain. It states: Hoc opus fie/re f(ecit)“, i.e. “he had this work done.”
In July 2022, the work, together with the three tablets representing Trajan appoints Eustaces commander of the army, Eustace in battle, Eustace finds his wife again, was recognised as authentic by officials of the Ministry of Culture and are purchased by the Directorate-General of Museums. After a stop by the Italian Consulate in Cologne, the paintings were transported to Rome by the Roman Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage and then delivered to the Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo by the Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage from L’Aquila.
These painted panels were originally part of the wooden doors of a tabernacle that held a statue of Saint Eustace, the patron saint of the parish of Campo di Giove (L’Aquila). Each door was made of two vertical boards with hinges. On the inside, sixteen scenes painted in tempera illustrated key moments in the life of Saint Eustace, from his conversion to his martyrdom, based on the Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine. In 1902, the doors were stolen from the church. Later, the panels were cut into individual scenes and sold on the antiques market. Of these, eight belong to the MuNDA, five are part of a private collection, and three are still missing. The sculpture is kept at the Diocese of Sulmona-Valva.
- A. De Nino, Una pittura rubata a Campodigiove, in “L’arte”, 5, 1902, pp. 425-426.
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- V. Mariani, Sculture lignee in Abruzzo, Istituto Nazionale L.U.C.E., Roma 1930.
- I. C. Gavini, Sommario della storia della scultura in Abruzzo, Nicola de Arcangelis, Casalbordino 1932.
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- M. R. Gabbrielli, Inventario degli oggetti d’arte d’Italia, IV, Provincia di Aquila, Libreria dello Stato, Roma 1934.
- G. Kaftal, Iconography of the Saint in Tuscany, Sansoni, Firenze 1952, pp. 356-360.
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- M. Moretti, Il Museo nazionale d’Abruzzo nel Castello cinquecentesco dell’Aquila, L. U. Japadre, L’Aquila 1968.
- V. Orsini, Campo di Giove dai primitivi alla seggiovia, Tipografia Labor, Campo di Giove 1970, pp. 183-192.
- M. Moretti, Guida al Castello cinquecentesco o dell’Aquila e al Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo, L. U. Japadre, L’Aquila 1971.
- M. J. Eisenberg, A late Trecento Custodia with the life of Saint Eustace, in L. Irving (a cura di), Studies in late Medieval and Renaissance paintings in honour of Millard Meiss, I, New York University Press, New York 1977, pp. 147-151.
- M. J. Eisenberg, A late Trecento Custodia with the life of Saint Eustace, in L. Irving (a cura di), Studies in late Medieval and Renaissance paintings in honour of Millard Meiss, II, New York University Press, New York 1977, pp. 47-53.
- L. P. Nicoletti, Il Maestro di Campo di Giove, in G. Agosti (a cura di), Altri quaranta dipinti antichi dalla collezione Alberto Saibene, Edizioni Valdolenga, Verona 2008, pp. 4-25
- C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), Ritorno in Abruzzo: Le storie di S. Eustachio restituite dal Grand Rapids Art Museum, Gruppo Tipografico Editoriale, L’Aquila 2008.
- C. Pasqualetti, scheda opera, in L. F. Porcaroli (a cura di), S.O.S. arte dall’Abruzzo: una mostra per non dimenticare, catalogo della mostra (Museo Nazionale di Castel Sant’Angelo, Roma, 24 aprile-5 settembre 2010), Gangemi, Roma 2010, pp. 173-174.
- S. Paone, Tabernacoli dipinti e scultura lignea in Abruzzo: il maestro di Fossa e il Maestro del Crocifisso d’argento, in “Studi medievali e moderni”, 15, 2011, pp. 45-68.
- A. Delpriori, Il San Nicola di Monticchio e i tabernacoli monumentali come pale d’altare. Considerazioni sulla pittura e sulla scultura del Trecento, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La via degli Abruzzi e le arti del Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), Onegroup, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 59-74.
- L. P. Nicoletti, Sulle tracce della Custodia di Campo di Giove. Fortuna critica e di mercato dei frammenti delle Storie di Sant’Eustachio, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La via degli Abruzzi e le arti del Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), One Group, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 75-86.
- C. Pasqualetti, «Nicola Olivieri della Pietranziera pinxit»: ritorno a Campo di Giove, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La Via degli Abruzzi e le arti nel Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), One Group, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 105-116.
- L. Arbace, M. Congeduti (a cura di), MuNDA, Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo: storia, testimonianze, restauri, Menabò, Ortona 2020.
C. Pasqualetti, Pittori di confine. Nuove ricerche e scoperte sui trecenteschi ‘umbri’ in Abruzzo, in “Paragone”, s. iii, 149, 2020 (lxxi), pp. 3-20. - C. Pasqualetti, Central Italian “tabernacula”: a survey, in F. Gutièrrez Baños, J. Kroesen, E. Andersen (a cura di), The saint enshrined: European tabernacle-altarpieces, c. 1150-1400, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola de Vallès 2021, pp. 183-230.
Documents
Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di L’Aquila e Teramo, Archivio Storico, b. Campo di Giove, f. Chiesa di Sant’Eustachio.
Archivio Centrale dello Stato, Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione, Direzione Generale Archeologia e Belle Arti, v. III, s. II, b. 250, f. 12.
Fondazione Federico Zeri, Fondo Zeri, s. Pittura italiana, b. 123. Pittura italiana sec. XIV. Umbria, Abruzzi, f. 6. Anonimi abruzzesi sec. IVX (inv. foto inv. 31156, 31158; 31162; 31161; 31163; 31164; 31159, 31166, 31167, 31168, 31169, 31170, 31165).
Fondazione Federico Zeri, Fondo Fototeca Everett Fahy, s. Arte italiana, b. Abruzzi-Avignon, f. 4 – Master of Castelvecchio Subequo C.
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