Trajan appoints Eustace commander of the army

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Title

Trajan appoints Eustace commander of the army

Date

1370 ca.
Artist notes
Active in Abruzzo during the second half of the 14th century
Medium
Tempera on panel

Dimensions

40,9×25,6×2,3 cm

Origin

Church of Sant’Eustachio, Campo di Giove (L’Aquila)

Collection

Position

Inventory
OPS 2607
More images
Description

Eustace is escorted by Acacius and Antiochus before Emperor Trajan who, after hearing the story of his misadventures, entrusts him with the command of the army.
The episode is depicted in the second scene of the third register of the case. In the foreground, Eustace is about to genuflect, while Antiochus and Acacius stand behind him. Trajan sits on a green throne on the right and next to him the dignitary holds a volumen, perhaps the script that records Eustace’s assignment. The scene takes place inside a building that alludes to an imperial hall with a coffered barrel vault and a wall with blind arcades.
In July 2022, the work, together with the three tablets representing Eustace separated from his wife, Eustace in battle, Eustace finds his wife again, was recognised as authentic by officials of the Ministry of Culture and are purchased by the Directorate-General of Museums. After a stop by the Italian Consulate in Cologne, the paintings were transported to Rome by the Roman Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage and then delivered to the Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo by the Carabinieri Command for the Protection of Cultural Heritage from L’Aquila.

These painted panels were originally part of the wooden doors of a tabernacle that held a statue of Saint Eustace, the patron saint of the parish of Campo di Giove (L’Aquila). Each door was made of two vertical boards with hinges. On the inside, sixteen scenes painted in tempera illustrated key moments in the life of Saint Eustace, from his conversion to his martyrdom, based on the Golden Legend by Jacobus de Voragine. In 1902, the doors were stolen from the church. Later, the panels were cut into individual scenes and sold on the antiques market. Of these, eight belong to the MuNDA, five are part of a private collection, and three are still missing. The sculpture is kept at the Diocese of Sulmona-Valva.

Bibliography list
  • A. De Nino, Una pittura rubata a Campodigiove, in “L’arte”, 5, 1902, pp. 425-426.
  • P. Piccirilli, Notizie d’arte. Opere d’arte in Campodigiove, in “L’arte”, 6, 1903, pp. 210-217.
  • V. Mariani, Sculture lignee in Abruzzo, Istituto Nazionale L.U.C.E., Roma 1930.
  • I. C. Gavini, Sommario della storia della scultura in Abruzzo, Nicola de Arcangelis, Casalbordino 1932.
  • M. R. Gabbrielli, Plastica lignea abruzzese, in “Rassegna marchigiana”, 1933, pp. 114-123.
  • M. R. Gabbrielli, Inventario degli oggetti d’arte d’Italia, IV, Provincia di Aquila, Libreria dello Stato, Roma 1934.
  • G. Kaftal, Iconography of the Saint in Tuscany, Sansoni, Firenze 1952, pp. 356-360.
  • G. Matthiae, Il Castello dell’Aquila e il Museo Nazionale abruzzese, Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma 1959.
  • M. Moretti, Il Museo nazionale d’Abruzzo nel Castello cinquecentesco dell’Aquila, L. U. Japadre, L’Aquila 1968.
  • V. Orsini, Campo di Giove dai primitivi alla seggiovia, Tipografia Labor, Campo di Giove 1970, pp. 183-192.
  • M. Moretti, Guida al Castello cinquecentesco o dell’Aquila e al Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo, L. U. Japadre, L’Aquila 1971.
  • M. J. Eisenberg, A late Trecento Custodia with the life of Saint Eustace, in L. Irving (a cura di), Studies in late Medieval and Renaissance paintings in honour of Millard Meiss, I, New York University Press, New York 1977, pp. 147-151.
  • M. J. Eisenberg, A late Trecento Custodia with the life of Saint Eustace, in L. Irving (a cura di), Studies in late Medieval and Renaissance paintings in honour of Millard Meiss, II, New York University Press, New York 1977, pp. 47-53.
  • L. P. Nicoletti, Il Maestro di Campo di Giove, in G. Agosti (a cura di), Altri quaranta dipinti antichi dalla collezione Alberto Saibene, Edizioni Valdolenga, Verona 2008, pp. 4-25
  • C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), Ritorno in Abruzzo: Le storie di S. Eustachio restituite dal Grand Rapids Art Museum, Gruppo Tipografico Editoriale, L’Aquila 2008.
  • C. Pasqualetti, scheda opera, in L. F. Porcaroli (a cura di), S.O.S. arte dall’Abruzzo: una mostra per non dimenticare, catalogo della mostra (Museo Nazionale di Castel Sant’Angelo, Roma, 24 aprile-5 settembre 2010), Gangemi, Roma 2010, pp. 173-174.
  • S. Paone, Tabernacoli dipinti e scultura lignea in Abruzzo: il maestro di Fossa e il Maestro del Crocifisso d’argento, in “Studi medievali e moderni”, 15, 2011, pp. 45-68.
  • A. Delpriori, Il San Nicola di Monticchio e i tabernacoli monumentali come pale d’altare. Considerazioni sulla pittura e sulla scultura del Trecento, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La via degli Abruzzi e le arti del Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), Onegroup, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 59-74.
  • L. P. Nicoletti, Sulle tracce della Custodia di Campo di Giove. Fortuna critica e di mercato dei frammenti delle Storie di Sant’Eustachio, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La via degli Abruzzi e le arti del Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), One Group, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 75-86.
  • C. Pasqualetti, «Nicola Olivieri della Pietranziera pinxit»: ritorno a Campo di Giove, in C. Pasqualetti (a cura di), La Via degli Abruzzi e le arti nel Medioevo (secc. XIII-XV), One Group, L’Aquila 2014, pp. 105-116.
  • L. Arbace, M. Congeduti (a cura di), MuNDA, Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo: storia, testimonianze, restauri, Menabò, Ortona 2020.
    C. Pasqualetti, Pittori di confine. Nuove ricerche e scoperte sui trecenteschi ‘umbri’ in Abruzzo, in “Paragone”, s. iii, 149, 2020 (lxxi), pp. 3-20.
  • C. Pasqualetti, Central Italian “tabernacula”: a survey, in F. Gutièrrez Baños, J. Kroesen, E. Andersen (a cura di), The saint enshrined: European tabernacle-altarpieces, c. 1150-1400, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola de Vallès 2021, pp. 183-230.

Documents
Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di L’Aquila e Teramo, Archivio Storico, b. Campo di Giove, f. Chiesa di Sant’Eustachio.
Archivio Centrale dello Stato, Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione, Direzione Generale Archeologia e Belle Arti, v. III, s. II, b. 250, f. 12.
Fondazione Federico Zeri, Fondo Zeri, s. Pittura italiana, b. 123. Pittura italiana sec. XIV. Umbria, Abruzzi, f. 6. Anonimi abruzzesi sec. IVX (inv. foto inv. 31156, 31158; 31162; 31161; 31163; 31164; 31159, 31166, 31167, 31168, 31169, 31170, 31165).
Fondazione Federico Zeri, Fondo Fototeca Everett Fahy, s. Arte italiana, b. Abruzzi-Avignon, f. 4 – Master of Castelvecchio Subequo C.

Other artworks

Second apparition to Eustace
Eustace’s children are kidnapped by a wolf and a lion
Emperor Trajan’s messengers find Eustace
Double-Light Screens

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